The red light should be "blinky fast". If it's not "blinky fast", the SS us stuck/has lost communication with the PC. Unplug the SS, plug it in again, start Mach3 again. Should be OK now.
The red LED isn't blinking any code, and there are no "code books" for this.
The hopelessly out of date SS manual on the Warp9 web site explains the LED activity. Red should be solid until you load Mach, which is loading the SS plugin, which in turn loads the firmware into the SS. The SS firmware loads every time, it's not stored onboard the SS when it's powered down. Once the firmware is loaded and communication is established, the red LED blinks. If you're running and the red LED STOPS blinking, and you only have blue and green LED's, it's stuck and has lost communication, as I said above. The losing communication is the issue that all the talk has been about for years, regarding grounding, external power for 5v, powered USB hub, removing a resistor and capacitor on the SS, noise getting into the system, all sorts of stuff. The plugin version can even change this!! And as Jeff has pointed out, the Mach3/SS config setup.
It's frustrating when this happens, but I've personally never had it happen when just running along making chips.