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Author Topic: Planned expansion board  (Read 4309 times)

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Offline Stuart

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Re: Planned expansion board
« Reply #10 on: March 28, 2021, 10:13:58 AM »
what about the back inductive voltage spike will they handle that ok or you will have to put a clamp diode across the coil

Re: Planned expansion board
« Reply #11 on: March 28, 2021, 10:39:14 AM »
A clamp diode for reverse back EMF is needed.

While all MOSFETs will self zener and clamp, the devil is in the details. Unless the manufacturer specifies a maximum energy (typically in joules) to be absorbed it is not safe to run without an external clamp. Toshiba does not specify a maximum energy, so assume that this is not safe. A simple 1n4001 diode is fine for DC but you will need a MOV if the load is AC.
Steve Stallings
www.PMDX.com

Offline ZASto

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Re: Planned expansion board
« Reply #12 on: March 28, 2021, 11:34:58 AM »
A diode is mandatory across DC powered relay coil.
SSR, which is low side switching can have internal body diode, but that diode is useless in relay application.
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Re: Planned expansion board
« Reply #13 on: March 28, 2021, 03:55:54 PM »
The TLP222AF can handle AC or DC. The 60 volt rating is more than enough for a 24V circuit. I would keep the current under 200 mA to keep the heat down. 200 mA is not a limiting factor as the coil current of a small signal relay is usually under 50 mA.
They are packaged in a 4 pin DIP like the typical opto coupler and cost only a bit more, $1.09 from Digi-Key.

I mean the optocouplers are a lot less than that over on mouser (ref: https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/852-PC817X3NSZ9F), I'm getting all my board components there since it's more coinvent and much cheaper.
Re: Planned expansion board
« Reply #14 on: March 28, 2021, 09:13:55 PM »
Board plan is done, 2 sided PCB. Red is top, blue is bottom.

Offline ZASto

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Re: Planned expansion board
« Reply #15 on: March 29, 2021, 05:24:33 AM »
You are still missing diodes across relay coils.
You could kill your LEDs with Back EMF generated when powering off relays.
Make no mistake between my personality and my attitude.
My personality is who I am.
My attitude depends on who you are.
Re: Planned expansion board
« Reply #16 on: March 29, 2021, 06:27:28 AM »
Huh, I need to read a bit more.
« Last Edit: March 29, 2021, 06:31:11 AM by OHICAD »
Re: Planned expansion board
« Reply #17 on: March 29, 2021, 07:14:34 AM »
Diodes inbound then, going to have to rework my PCB layout to include space for the flyback diodes.

Thanks for catching that, electricity isn't my first language so I tend to miss things.
Re: Planned expansion board
« Reply #18 on: March 29, 2021, 07:42:37 AM »
The external diode is not needed in this case. There is a diode inside the ULN2803 between the output and its COM pin which is intended to serve this purpose. Just connect the COM to your +24V or whatever is the positive supply of the relays.
Steve Stallings
www.PMDX.com

Offline MN300

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Re: Planned expansion board
« Reply #19 on: March 29, 2021, 08:30:03 AM »
There is no series resistor on the opto coupler inputs to limit the current. The outputs you're connecting to are probably CMOS and designed for 8 mA.

The resistors on the opto output are too low, when the input current is limited to a reasonable value the operation may be marginal. You probably don't need them as the input resistors of the ULN2803 should provide enough bypass for any leakage current.

The 330 ohm resistors for the indicator LEDs will allow about 30 mA. A typical LED is specified at 20 mA max. 5 mA is probably more than enough, experiment and see what you think is right.

8 LEDs times 30 mA plus 20 mA for the relays equals 400 mA. Times the 12 volt drop on the regulator equals 4.8 watts. You're going to need a big heat sink! There are lots of step down switching power supplies based on the LM2596 on eBay.

The ULN2803 can handle 24 volts. Using 24 volt relays would halve the load on the power supply and eliminate the need for a regulator.

What you are doing on the input wiring is not clear. If you connecting to 5 volt logic you will be forcing current into the protection diodes and the 5 volt power supply. If you connecting to opto couplers the 27K resistors only allows a milliamp of current.