If not response time, why should probing precision depend on feed rate?
You're the hardware guy - you tell me
The presumption you offered is one I've heard before but as I've said is not one I agree with. This is how I satisfied myself long ago that it's not the case.
Take a microcontroller dev board (PIC, ATMEL whatever you like) and program it to count a number of interrupts on the pin of your choice. Connect the axis step pin from Mach to that interrupt pin. I set it to count an arbitrary 50,000 step pulses but it doesn't matter. When it hits that 50,000 count, program it to activate an output pin connected to the probe in pin of Mach.
Now send the axis to 0, reset the microcontroller, then do a G31 Z(whatever) that takes it to a position BEYOND 50,000 step pulses on YOUR system. Have the gcode var monitor open looking at var 2002. If all is set up correctly you'll see a value in 2002 that is the trip point and represents the distance YOUR system travels for 50,000 step pulses. Now repeat at your leisure at ANY feedrate you like. The value in 2002 will ALWAYS be the same and as I've said will be the distance Mach traveled when it tripped.
I hope you'll agree this models a probe that trips at the exact same position every time and thus takes out of the equation any mechanical issues. It also proves that Mach's ability to read the probe trip AND store that position is INDEPENDANT of feedrate.
Cheers
Ian