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31
General Mach Discussion / Need help with basic understanding
« on: February 19, 2011, 11:11:28 PM »
So I recently completed my home made laser cutter.

Ive been generating gcode in various software, however sometimes the software will output the Y coordinates in the - values, and sometimes it won't. My table at the moment is setup to work in + coordinates, however why is there all this variation? Is fixing the -'s as simple as just removing all the - symbols from the gcode? Which brings me onto my next question.

Sometimes the output is upside down, mirrored, backfliped, frontflipped and whatever other orientation you can think of. Usually I can fix the mirroring by switching the axis around (Making X Y etc), though that is tedious, and can lead to my table smashing into the limit switches if I forget to switch it back when I do something else.

I think what I'm not understanding is how the coordinate system on a XY table actually works, and how software produces the g-code with coordinates. For example, if I draw a 10cm diameter circle in Adobe Illustrator, export it as a DXF, import it into Lazycam, then into gcode and into mach3, will the circle at the end actually be 10cm diameter?  Any help is appreciated :)

Also, how do you calculate how many steps per mm the machine is? I am using 200step/rev steppers, connected to These pulleys: http://ausxmods.com.au/t5-pulleys/15t5-27-6.35mm-bore-timing-belt-pulley
With this belt: http://ausxmods.com.au/t5-timing-belts/t5-16mm-wide-open-timing-belt
Running at 1/8 microstepping.

Cheers,
Dan

32
General Mach Discussion / Re: Steppers out of sync and skipped steps?
« on: February 19, 2011, 07:33:23 PM »
I would think it's because I am using bipolar steppers. As they only have 1 coil, maybe the current in the coil that is turned on, is somehow being transferred to the off coil in the other motor, creating drag.

33
LazyCam (Beta) / Re: Vector Tracer
« on: February 19, 2011, 05:34:37 AM »
Hi Rich, I opened the file in illustrator and converted it to a vector and exported it as DXF, however I still seem to have problems with LazyCam mutilating the image. Are there any other programs that work a bit better?





Cheers,
Dan

34
LazyCam (Beta) / Re: Vector Tracer
« on: February 19, 2011, 05:24:42 AM »
Hi, I have no problems drawing it. I'll see if I can trace it in Illustrator.

Cheers,
Dan

35
LazyCam (Beta) / Vector Tracer
« on: February 19, 2011, 04:25:36 AM »
Hi, so I have an image here I am trying to get into gcode. I open it up in lazycam, and the output looks pretty good, however when I click OK, it goes to looking terrible?







Cheers,
Dan

36
General Mach Discussion / Re: Steppers out of sync and skipped steps?
« on: February 19, 2011, 12:05:05 AM »
Sorry for the triple post, but I have a question. Is there any way you can mirror the output in Mach 3 without having to edit the gcode?

I just wrote my name .. backwards >.<



This is soo much fun :D

Cheers,
Dan

37
General Mach Discussion / Re: Steppers out of sync and skipped steps?
« on: February 18, 2011, 11:26:16 PM »
Well, I'm happy again now :)

Just did my first engraving, using a much smaller laser I just sat ontop, so no blanking yet, but it works :D


38
General Mach Discussion / Re: Steppers out of sync and skipped steps?
« on: February 18, 2011, 10:44:37 PM »
It seems you were right larryc.

Today I woke up, and made some little spacers out of .5mm sheet aluminium. The pulleys still aren't EXACT, but much better.

While playing around with it, I noticed that sometimes the belt would actually skip teeth over the pulley!

I cut the wires to 3 motors, leaving only 1 motor for Y, and 2 for X, and it doesn't seem to have any problems now. I am just going to leave the motors in place instead of swapping them with idler pulleys, as they are cheap and saves me having to come up with something else.

Why they wouldn't run in sync in parallel is very confusing, I don't see how they could actually run out of sync. But apparently they can.

My next dilemma is whether to put a bit of weight on the carriages, or whether to add something like runner bearings underneath. The V groove bearings stay on track better if they have a little bit of force pushing them down onto the tracks.

Torque doesn't seem to be a problem as I first thought, which is why I used 2 steppers. You can still stop it with your hand, but that is good in the case of a softlimits or limit switch failure so it doesn't rip itself apart.

Cheers,
Dan

39
General Mach Discussion / Re: Steppers out of sync and skipped steps?
« on: February 18, 2011, 10:19:32 AM »
Hmm I didn't actually think about that. I have a fair bit of sheet aluminium left over from the table of the cutter (So the laser doesn't burn right through it), so I'll try that tomorrow.

Cheers,
Dan

40
General Mach Discussion / Re: Steppers out of sync and skipped steps?
« on: February 18, 2011, 09:01:33 AM »
Yeah, timing pulleys and belts of course.

I think my main issue is the bodgy way I have mounted the pulleys onto the steppers. Making some sleeves that fit over the shafts and also perfectly in the pulleys would be the best way, however I do not have access to a lathe, so it's not an easy option.

I am using these pulleys: http://ausxmods.com.au/t5-pulleys/15t5-27-6.35mm-bore-timing-belt-pulley

The stepper shafts are 5mm I believe, however they don't have 5mm pulleys, and I didn't consider the pulleys being off centre.

I suppose worst case I could send a stepper and a pulley off to a friend with access to such machinery, though I don't like relying on everyone else to do everything for me.

My skills in mechanical construction are pitiful, I'm surprised I've managed to make it this far without screwing the whole thing up. Quite proud of how its turned out considering. My electronics knowledge is a whole lot better, luckily.

Here is a picture of my machine as it is now:
 

Ideally I would have loved to use guide rails instead of bearings for the linear system, though as I'm a student, I don't have a particularly huge budget. I do have all the parts required to finish this machine now, but I need to work out the little bugs first. Not even going to think about putting the laser in until it can run without loosing steps.

Cheers,
Dan

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